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Cross Border Financing
Cross-border financing is the process of sourcing funds from outside the home country’s border. It is helpful for multinational businesses

What is a SWOT Analysis used for?
We all know SWOT analysis as a basic model for strategic planning. What is SWOT Analysis & how is it useful for CIMA SCS & ACCA SBL exams?

How Did Brexit Start?
Brexit – Britons feel less integrated with the EU than other citizens within Europe. UK citizens have less of European identity.
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What is marked to market?
Market to Market is one of the most critical aspects of financial markets these days. By definition, MTM is an accrual accounting measure

Ho Lee Model
The Ho-Lee model improves upon the drift to incorporate time-dependency which means that the drift in time 1 will be different than time 2

Basic Indicator Approach
The basic indicator approach, is a set of operational risk monitoring techniques institutions under Basel II capital adequacy standards.
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Value at Risk (VaR)
Given a particular likelihood of occurrence, the value at risk (VaR) determines an estimated loss amount at a given confidence interval.

Knightian Uncertainty
One of the critical aspects of Risk Management is to identify risk. Part of the risk identification process is to filter risks into degrees

Realised Returns
Using the initial investment value and its final value, we can calculate the bond’s realised return.This calculation is annualised.

Covariance Stationary
The relationships between its current and previous values stay constant. A time series that is covariance stationary is regarded as such.

Jensen’s Alpha
Jensen’s Alpha is a risk-adjusted performance metric representing the average return on a portfolio or investment above or below the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) predicted.

Sox Regulation with Example
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 is a United States law designed to protect investors from corporate accounting fraud.

Quantile Function
The quantile function helps you figure out whether values in a distribution are above or below a specific threshold in statistical analysis.